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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mathematics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник российских университетов. Математика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Universities Reports. Mathematics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2686-9667</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-3342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Тамбовский государственный университет имени Г.Р. Державина</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20310/2686-9667-2022-27-140-386-404</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mathematics-163</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О существовании предела средней временной выгоды в вероятностных моделях сбора возобновляемого ресурса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>About existence of the limit to the average time profit in stochastic models of harvesting a renewable resource</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3930-0743</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черникова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernikova</surname><given-names>Anastasia V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nastik.e@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Владимирский государственный университет имени Александра Григорьевича и Николая Григорьевича Столетовых»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vladimir State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>140</issue><fpage>386</fpage><lpage>404</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Черникова А.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Черникова А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chernikova A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mathematics.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/163">https://mathematics.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/163</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследуются модели динамики популяций, заданные разностными уравнениями со случайными параметрами. При отсутствии промысла развитие популяции в моменты времени $k=1,2,\ldots$ описывается уравнением $X(k+1)=f\big(X(k)\big),$ где $X(k)$~--- количество возобновляемого ресурса, $f(x)$~--- вещественная дифференцируемая функция. Предполагается, что в моменты $k=1,2,\ldots$ происходит изъятие случайной доли популяции $\omega\in[0,1].$ Процесс эксплуатации прекращается, когда в момент $k$ доля собранного ресурса окажется больше некоторого значения $u(k)\in[0,1),$ чтобы сохранить часть популяции для воспроизводства и увеличения размера следующего сбора. При этом доля добываемого ресурса будет равна $\ell(k)=\min\big\{\omega(k),u(k)\big\}, k=1,2,\ldots.$ Тогда модель эксплуатируемой популяции имеет вид X(k+1)=f((1-l(k) )X(k) ),k=1,2,..., где $x(0)$ - начальная численность популяции, $X(1)=f\big(x(0)\big).$Для стохастической модели популяции исследуется задача выбора управления $\overline{u}=(u(1),\ldots,u(k),\ldots),$ ограничивающего в каждый момент времени $k$ долю собираемого ресурса, при котором предел функции средней временной выгоды H(l¯,x(0))≐limn→∞∑k=1nX(k)l(k), где l¯≐(l(1),…,l(k),…)существует и его можно оценить снизу с вероятностью единица по возможности наибольшим числом. Если уравнение $X(k+1)=f\big(X(k)\big)$ имеет решение вида $X(k)\equiv x^*,$\linebreak то это решение называется положением равновесия данного уравнения. Для любого\linebreak $k=1,2,\ldots$ вводятся в рассмотрение случайные величины $A(k+1,x)=f\bigl((1-\ell(k))A(k,x)\bigr),$ $B(k+1,x^*)=f\bigl((1-\ell(k))B(k,x^*)\bigr)$; здесь $A(1,x)=f(x),$ $B(1,x^*)=x^*.$Показано, что при выполнении определенных условий существует управление $\overline{u},$ при котором справедлива оценка средней временной выгоды 1m∑k=1mM(A(k,x)l(k))≤H(l¯,x(0))≤1m∑k=1mM(B(k,x*)l(k)), где через $M$ обозначено математическое ожидание.Кроме того, получены условия существования управления $\overline{u},$ при котором с вероятностью единица существует положительный предел средней временной выгоды, равный H(ℓ¯,x(0))=&lt;br/&gt;limk→∞MA(k,x)ℓ(k)=&lt;br/&gt;limk→∞MB(k,x*)ℓ(k).\vspace-1exH(\overline{\ell},x(0)) =&lt;br /&gt;\lim\limits_{k\to\infty} MA(k,x)\ell(k) =&lt;br /&gt;\lim\limits_{k\to\infty} MB(k,x^*)\ell(k).\vspace{-1ex}</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We investigate population dynamics models given by difference equations with stochastic parameters. In the absence of harvesting, the development of the population at time points $k=1,2,\ldots$ is given by the equation $X(k+1)=f\big(X(k)\big),$ where $X(k)$ is amount of renewable resource, $f(x)$ is a real differentiable function. It is assumed that at times $k=1,2,\ldots$ a random fraction $\omega\in[0,1]$ of the population is harvested. The harvesting process stops when at the moment $k$ the share of the collected resource becomes greater than a certain value $u(k)\in[0,1),$ in order to save a part of the population for reproduction and to increase the size of the next harvest. In this case, the share of the extracted resource is equal to $\ell(k)=\min\big\{\omega(k),u(k)\big\}, k=1,2,\ldots.$ Then the model of the exploited population has the formX(k+1)=f((1-l(k) )X(k) ),k=1,2,...,where $x(0)$ is the initial population size.For the stochastic population model, we study the problem of choosing a control $\overline{u}=(u(1),\ldots,u(k),\ldots)$ that limits at each time moment $k$ the shareof the extracted resource and under which the limit of the averagetime profit functionH(l¯,x(0))≐limn→∞∑k=1nX(k)l(k), где l¯≐(l(1),…,l(k),…)exists and can be estimated from below with probability oneby as a large number as possible.If the equation $X(k+1)=f\big(X(k)\big)$ has a solution of the form $X(k)\equiv x^*,$then this solution is called the equilibrium position of the equation.For any $k=1,2,\ldots,$ we consider random variables $A(k+1,x)=f\bigl((1-\ell(k))A(k,x)\bigr),$ $B(k+1,x^*)=f\bigl((1-\ell(k))B(k,x^*)\bigr)$; here $A(1,x)=f(x),$ $B(1,x^*)=x^*.$It is shown that when certain conditions are met, there exists a control $\overline{u}$under which there holds the estimate of the average time profit1m∑k=1mM(A(k,x)l(k))≤H(l¯,x(0))≤1m∑k=1mM(B(k,x*)l(k)),where $M$ denotes the mathematical expectation.In addition, the conditions for the existence of control $\overline{u}$ are obtainedunder which there exists, with probability one, a positive limit to theaverage time profit equal toH(ℓ¯,x(0))=&lt;br/&gt;limk→∞MA(k,x)ℓ(k)=&lt;br/&gt;limk→∞MB(k,x*)ℓ(k).H(\overline{\ell},x(0)) =&lt;br /&gt;\lim\limits_{k\to\infty} MA(k,x)\ell(k) =&lt;br /&gt;\lim\limits_{k\to\infty} MB(k,x^*)\ell(k).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>подверженная промыслу стохастическая модель популяции</kwd><kwd>средняя временная выгода</kwd><kwd>оптимальная эксплуатация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stochastic model of the population subject to harvesting</kwd><kwd>average time profit</kwd><kwd>optimal exploitation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">C.W. 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